| English |
ITRANS |
Sanskrit |
Meaning |
| S |
|
|
|
|
sampradaya |
sampradAya |
sMàday |
the tradition or established
doctrine of teaching from master to pupil
through the ages. See also parampara. |
samsara |
saMsAra |
s<sar |
the continual cycle
of death and rebirth, transmigration etc.
to which we are supposedly subject in the
phenomenal world until we become enlightened
and escape. saMsArin – one who is
bound to the cycle of birth and death. |
samshaya |
saMshaya |
s<zy |
uncertainty, irresolution,
hesitation or doubt. See manana. |
samsthana |
saMsthAna |
s<Swan |
literally ‘standing
together’, resembling; having the
same shape, form or appearance. |
samyoga |
saMyoga |
s<yaeg |
Conjunction, combination,
connection; in Sanskrit grammar, the term
for a conjunct consonant, i.e. two or more
consonants joined together without an intervening
vowel sound. The word literally means ‘joined
together’. |
|
sanatana |
sanAtana |
snatn |
literally “eternal” or “permanent”;
in conjunction with dharma, this refers
to our essential nature. The phrase “sanAtana
dharma” is also used to refer to
the traditional (also carrying the sense
of “original” and “unadulterated”)
Hindu practices or as a synonym for “Hinduism.” See
dharma. |
sanchita |
saMchita |
s<ict |
one of the three types
of saMskAra, literally meaning “collected” or “piled
up.” That saMskAra, which has been
accumulated from past action but has still
not manifest. See agamin, prarabdha, sanskara. |
sandhi |
saMdhi |
s<ix |
A comprehensive set
of rules governing the way in which sounds
combine in Sanskrit when they appear next
to each other. These prevent, for example,
the situation where one word ends in a
vowel and the next word begins with one,
by merging the two. There are three “classes” of
saMdhi, vowel, consonant and visarga. |
sanga |
sa~Nga |
s¼ |
assembly, association,
company. See satsanga. |
sankalpa |
saMkalpa |
s<kLp |
conception, idea or
notion formed in the mind (or heart); will,
volition, desire, purpose, intention. |
sanskara
|
saMskAra |
s<Skar |
Whenever an action is
performed with the desire for a specific
result (whether for oneself or another),
saMskAra is created for that person. These
accumulate and determine the situations
with which we will be presented in the
future and will influence the scope of
future actions. There are three “types” – AgAmin,
saMchita and prArabdha. The accumulation
of saMskAra (saMchita) dictates the tendencies
that we have to act in a particular way
(vAsanA-s). This is all part of the mechanism
of karma. See agamin, karma, prarabdha,
sanchita and karma. |
santosa |
saMtoSha |
s<tae; |
satisfaction, contentment
with one’s lot. One of the five niyama-s
in rAja yoga. |
sanyasa |
saMnyAsa |
s<Nyas |
the final stage of the
traditional Hindu spiritual path; involves
complete renunciation. The word literally
means “putting or throwing down,
laying aside”; i.e. becoming a professional
ascetic. One who does so is called a sanyasin
(saMnyAsin). See also brahmacharya, grihasta,
vanaprastha. |
sara |
sAra |
sar |
compendium, summary,
epitome (as in upadesha sAra – summary
of teaching of Ramana Maharshi). |
|
sarva-vedanta-
siddhanta-
sarasangraha |
sarva-vedAnta-
siddhAnta-
sArasaMgrahaH |
svR vedaNt isÏaNt sars<¢h> |
book attributed to Shankara.
sarva means “whole”; siddhAnta
means “conclusion”; sAra means “epitome” or “summary”;
saMgraha carries the sense of “complete
summing-up.” So, as a whole, it means
something like “Everything you always
wanted to know about Vedanta.” |
sarvajna |
sarvaj~na |
svR} |
all knowing (of Ishvara). |
sashtanga |
sAShTA~Nga |
saòa¼ |
reverential prostration,
performed with ‘eight limbs’ – feet,
knees, breast, hands, forehead. |
sat |
sat |
st! |
existence, reality,
truth (to mention a few). See also ananda,
chit, satchitananda. |
|
satchitananda |
sat-chit-Ananda or sachchidAnanda |
si½danNd |
the oft used word to describe
our true nature, in so far as this can
be put into words (which it can’t).
It translates as being-consciousness-bliss
but see the separate bits for more detail. |
satkarya vada |
satkArya vAda |
sTkayR vad |
the doctrine of the
effect actually pre-existing in the cause
(usually in reference to the creation). |
satsanga |
satsa~Nga |
sTs¼ |
association with the
good; keeping “good company”;
most commonly used now to refer to a group
of people gathered together to discuss
(Advaita) philosophy. |
|
sattva |
sattva |
sÅv |
the 'highest' of the three
guna. Associated with stillness, peace,
truth, wisdom, unselfishness and spirituality,
representing the highest aspirations of
man. Adjective – sattvic (Eng.),
sAttvika (Sansk.). See guna. |
sattvapati |
sattvApati |
sÅvapiÄ |
the (4th) stage on a
spiritual path, after which there is no
longer any need for effort to be made (so-called
because there is now an abundance of sattva).
Apatti means “entering into a state
or condition.” |
